KingDezigns — NAS16 Automated Backup Setup Summary

sudo mkdir -p /usr/scripts/omv
sudo chown rufusking:rufusking /usr/scripts/omv

Placing scripts in /usr/scripts/omv/ avoids the root-SCP requirement of /usr/local/bin/. The rufusking user can copy files here directly.

sudo mkdir -p /export/kingdezignsnas-16/Backups/NAS16

The script creates this automatically via mkdir -p on every run, but creating it manually avoids a tee log error on the very first run if the path doesn't exist yet.

# From your workstation:
scp nas16-backup.sh rufusking@<NAS16-IP>:/usr/scripts/omv/nas16-backup.sh

chmod +x /usr/scripts/omv/nas16-backup.sh

sudo /usr/scripts/omv/nas16-backup.sh

Watch for any WARNING or ERROR lines in the output. Then verify the archive was created:

ls -lh /export/kingdezignsnas-16/Backups/NAS16/
cat /export/kingdezignsnas-16/Backups/NAS16/backup.log

tar -tzf /export/kingdezignsnas-16/Backups/NAS16/nas16-backup-$(date +%Y-%m-%d).tar.gz | head -60

You should see folders: omv-config/ etc/ apache/ php/ databases/ webmin/ cron/ MANIFEST.txt

OMV UI → System → Scheduled Jobs → Add
  Enabled:       Yes
  Name:          NAS16 Backup
  Command:       sudo /usr/scripts/omv/nas16-backup.sh
  Minute:        0
  Hour:          2
  Day of month:  */3
  Month:         *
  Day of week:   *
→ Save → Apply

https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/

Download and install for your OS (Windows / Mac / Linux).

Open Raspberry Pi Imager
→ Choose Device    : Raspberry Pi 5
→ Choose OS        : Raspberry Pi OS Lite (64-bit)   ← NOT the Desktop version
→ Choose Storage   : your SD card
→ Next → Edit Settings:
    Hostname  : NAS16
    Username  : rufusking
    Password  : your usual password
    Services  : Enable SSH → Use password authentication
→ Save → Yes → Yes (confirm flash and verify)

Wait for the flash and verify to complete fully before removing the SD card.

1. Insert SD card into Raspberry Pi 5
2. Connect Penta SATA HAT with all ZFS drives plugged in
3. Power on
4. Wait 2–3 minutes for first boot to complete

ssh rufusking@<NAS16-IP>

If the static IP is not yet assigned, log into UniFi, find NAS16 in Clients, and SSH to its temporary IP instead.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y

Wait for the prompt to return before continuing.

sudo wget -O - https://github.com/OpenMediaVault-Plugin-Developers/installScript/raw/master/install | sudo bash

Takes 10–20 minutes. The Pi may reboot automatically. If it does, SSH back in and wait for the script to finish.

http://<NAS16-IP>

Default login:
  Username: admin
  Password: openmediavault

Confirm the OMV login page loads. Do not configure anything yet — the restore handles all configuration.

sudo nano /boot/firmware/config.txt

Scroll to find the line arm_boost=1 and add these lines immediately after it:

# Enable PCIe
dtparam=pciex1
dtparam=pciex1_gen=3

Save and exit:

Ctrl+X  →  Y  →  Enter

sudo reboot

Wait 2–3 minutes, then SSH back in.

sudo apt-get install -y zfsutils-linux

Required on every fresh OS install.

lsblk

All drives attached to the Penta SATA HAT should be listed. If any are missing, check physical connections and reboot.

sudo zpool import kingdezignsnas-16

If the previous OS failed uncleanly, force the import:

# Only use -f if the standard import fails:
sudo zpool import -f kingdezignsnas-16

sudo zpool status

All drives must show ONLINE and errors should be No known data errors.

If any drive shows FAULTED or DEGRADED, do not proceed. See ZFS Troubleshooting at the bottom of this document.

ls /kingdezignsnas-16/Backups/NAS16/

# List archives sorted newest first:
ls -lht /kingdezignsnas-16/Backups/NAS16/nas16-backup-*.tar.gz

Use /kingdezignsnas-16/ directly at this stage. The /export/kingdezignsnas-16/ path is recreated by OMV after the config restore in Phase 6.

sudo mkdir -p /tmp/nas16-restore

# Replace YYYY-MM-DD with the actual archive date from step 14
sudo tar -xzf /kingdezignsnas-16/Backups/NAS16/nas16-backup-YYYY-MM-DD.tar.gz \
    -C /tmp/nas16-restore

ls /tmp/nas16-restore/
ls /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/

cat /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/MANIFEST.txt

You should see: omv-config/  etc/  apache/  php/  databases/  webmin/  cron/  MANIFEST.txt

sudo rsync -a /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/etc/ /etc/

Restores all system configuration: network settings, fstab, cron, and everything else under /etc.

# Copy saved OMV config back into place:
sudo cp /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/omv-config/config.xml.raw \
    /etc/openmediavault/config.xml

# Load it into the OMV database:
sudo omv-confdbadm populate

# Re-apply all settings to the system:
sudo omv-salt deploy run all

The last command takes several minutes. Do not interrupt it — let it complete fully.

sudo reboot

After 2–3 minutes, SSH back in. Then open a browser:

http://<NAS16-IP>

Log in and verify shares, users, and settings are present. Confirm the ZFS pool is mounted and /export/kingdezignsnas-16 is available under Storage → File Systems.

sudo apt-get install -y apache2 php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql php-cli php-curl \
    php-mbstring php-xml php-zip php-gd

Install the same PHP version that was running before. Check the MANIFEST.txt from the archive for the exact version if unsure.

sudo apt-get install -y mariadb-server mariadb-client

sudo systemctl start mariadb
sudo systemctl enable mariadb
sudo systemctl status mariadb

Do NOT run mysql_secure_installation before restoring databases — the debian.cnf maintenance account needs to remain intact for the restore steps to work without a password.

# Add Webmin repository and install:
curl -o setup-repos.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/webmin/webmin/master/setup-repos.sh
sudo sh setup-repos.sh
sudo apt-get install -y webmin

Verify the current install method at https://webmin.com/download/ before running — the method may change.

sudo apt-get install -y adminer
sudo a2enconf adminer
sudo systemctl reload apache2

Or manually place adminer.php in your web root if you use a custom location:

sudo wget -O /var/www/html/adminer.php https://www.adminer.org/latest.php

sudo rsync -a /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/apache/sites-available/ \
    /etc/apache2/sites-available/

sudo rsync -a /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/apache/sites-enabled/ \
    /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/

sudo rsync -a /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/apache/conf-available/ \
    /etc/apache2/conf-available/

sudo rsync -a /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/apache/conf-enabled/ \
    /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/

# Restore main apache2.conf:
sudo cp /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/apache/apache2.conf \
    /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

Do not overwrite mods-enabled directly — Apache manages these symlinks internally. Re-enable required mods manually if needed (see step 27).

# Check what modules were enabled (from your backup):
ls /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/apache/mods-enabled/

# Re-enable common modules as needed:
sudo a2enmod rewrite ssl headers proxy proxy_http
sudo systemctl restart apache2

Enable only the mods you see in the backup snapshot. The full list is in the mods-enabled/ folder inside the archive.

# Replace X.X with your PHP version (e.g. 8.2):
sudo rsync -a /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/php/X.X/ /etc/php/X.X/

sudo rsync -a /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/webmin/ /etc/webmin/

sudo systemctl restart apache2
sudo systemctl restart mariadb
sudo systemctl restart webmin

# Verify all are running:
sudo systemctl status apache2 mariadb webmin

ls /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/databases/

You should see one .sql.gz file per database. Each file is a complete dump of that database including schema and data.

# For each database (replace DB_NAME with the actual name):
gunzip -c /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/databases/DB_NAME.sql.gz \
    | sudo mysql --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf DB_NAME

# If the database does not exist yet, create it first:
sudo mysql --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf \
    -e "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS DB_NAME CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;"

# Then restore:
gunzip -c /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/databases/DB_NAME.sql.gz \
    | sudo mysql --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf DB_NAME

Repeat for every .sql.gz file in the databases/ folder. Take your time — one at a time to catch any individual errors.

sudo mysql --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf \
    -e "SHOW DATABASES;"

# Spot-check row counts in a key table (replace DB_NAME and TABLE_NAME):
sudo mysql --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf \
    -e "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM DB_NAME.TABLE_NAME;"

sudo crontab /tmp/nas16-restore/nas16-backup-*/cron/root-crontab.txt

# Verify it was applied:
sudo crontab -l

OMV UI → System → Scheduled Jobs → Add
  Enabled:       Yes
  Name:          NAS16 Backup
  Command:       sudo /usr/scripts/omv/nas16-backup.sh
  Minute:        0
  Hour:          2
  Day of month:  */3
  Month:         *
  Day of week:   *
→ Save → Apply

scp nas16-backup.sh rufusking@<NAS16-IP>:/usr/scripts/omv/nas16-backup.sh
chmod +x /usr/scripts/omv/nas16-backup.sh

The script lives outside /etc so it is not automatically restored by the /etc rsync. Always re-deploy it manually.

# Test each hosted domain or IP in your browser.
# Check Apache error log if anything fails:
sudo tail -50 /var/log/apache2/error.log

sudo rm -rf /tmp/nas16-restore

# Option A — OMV UI:
System → Scheduled Jobs → NAS16 Backup → Run

# Option B — SSH on NAS16:
sudo /usr/scripts/omv/nas16-backup.sh

# Verify it completed successfully:
ls -lh /export/kingdezignsnas-16/Backups/NAS16/
cat /export/kingdezignsnas-16/Backups/NAS16/backup.log

sudo zpool scrub kingdezignsnas-16

# Check results a few minutes later:
sudo zpool status

A healthy result:

scan: scrub repaired 0B in 00:xx:xx with 0 errors

sudo zpool status   ← failed drive shows FAULTED or UNAVAIL

RAIDZ2 tolerates up to 2 simultaneous drive failures. The pool is still fully readable and writable. Complete the full restore procedure first, then replace the failed drive.

sudo zpool status   ← two drives show FAULTED or UNAVAIL

Data is at risk but still accessible. Complete the restore immediately and replace both drives as fast as possible.

# Scan all connected devices for importable pools:
sudo zpool import

# If kingdezignsnas-16 appears in the list, force import:
sudo zpool import -f kingdezignsnas-16

If no pools are found at all, PCIe is likely not enabled. Verify Steps 8–9 (boot config) were applied correctly and reboot again before retrying.

# Access backup files directly via the ZFS mount point:
ls /kingdezignsnas-16/Backups/NAS16/

/export/kingdezignsnas-16/ is created by OMV when it mounts the filesystem. Use /kingdezignsnas-16/ as the base path for all restore commands until OMV is fully restored.